This February, with the flick of a switch, there was a vast shift of power on Europe’s borders. The Baltic states’ electrical grids, built in the 1960s while these countries were forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union, had been under the control of Moscow. In one weekend, the transmission system operators in Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia, working with partners in Poland and across continental Europe, disconnected from Russia, and synchronised their systems with those of their neighbours to the West.

While the switchover took only a weekend of testing, and synchronisation occurred in an instant, the project was decades in the making. For the Baltic nations, the threat of Russian aggression had been clear as early as 2007, when Estonian institutions suffered a massive cyber attack. But securing the political and financial support of their neighbours would take careful diplomacy.

The €1.6bn project would also require the deployment of cutting edge grid systems. These included synchronous condensers, needed to add inertia to grids as they move towards widespread use of renewable energy; new connections with the continental European grid; and investments in new high voltage lines and battery storage.

In this episode, three of the leaders of this project, from Lithuania, Estonia, and Poland, share how they made the case for this investment in European energy security, and the work needed to upgrade grid systems across the region. They describe the excitement of the moment when synchronisation occurred, and the benefits to countries across Europe of a grid system that is secure and ready for the energy transition.

Guests

Hannes Kont, director of the synchronisation programme, Elering

Donatas Matelionis, head of power systems operations, LitGrid

Remigiusz Warzywoda, deputy director, international cooperation, PSE

Photo 

A new pylon in Estonia, part of the upgrade necessary for synchronisation. Courtesy of Tönu Tunnel